It was just before dawn in the Rio Grande Valley in Texas, and the congregation were arriving for the Friday service at the tiny La Lomita Catholic Chapel.
The whitewashed building, which has been here since the days of the American Civil War, rises from the surrounding scrub and sits about 200 yards from the Rio Grande river itself.
As cars pulled up to the chapel, the sound of Father Roy Snipes' barking dogs signalled his arrival. He has been the priest here for almost half a century - and is known locally as the Cowboy Priest.
"I'm not sure why I picked that up, but it's nice," he said of the nickname.
In truth, it is pretty obvious why. Snipes wears a Stetson in place of the more traditional priest's hat. And moments later, the chapel was filled by the sound of a Roy Rogers song - the singer and actor known as the King of the Cowboys.
During the first Trump administration, Snipes resisted plans to seize the chapel's land to build the president's border wall. Eight years on, at the early Friday service, he focused his short sermon on the actions of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).
"There's no good excuse to detain, incarcerate and deport poor, good folks who are our neighbours," Snipes told the congregation of about 30, mainly Hispanic worshippers.
According to government figures obtained by the Deportation Data Project, Texas accounted for roughly one-third of all ICE arrests nationwide in July 2026 - a larger share than any other state.
"They said we're gonna seek out, capture, detain and deport the worst of the worst," Father Snipes said in his sermon. "Well, we're here on the border and the cartel is the worst-of-the-worst. So we thought, well, that's a good thing.
"But it turned out, you can hear almost every day, some poor guy going to work and they stop him and detain him and start a big fight."
After the service, two members of the congregation stopped to chat. "We're educators, and we have a lot of students that are having to go back because their parents are getting deported," one said.
"The cruelty that we're seeing - I think that's turning the tide, at least I hope so," their friend added.
Turning the tide politically is what Democrats are hoping they can do in Texas in the midterm elections on 3 November. But that will not be easy.
This stretch of the Rio Grande was once one of the busiest crossing points on the US-Mexico border. Under former President Joe Biden, hundreds of thousands of migrants came through here, with more than two and a half million apprehensions recorded in a single year.
President Trump promised to stop these illegal crossings during his 2024 election campaign, and in large parts he has delivered.
Border crossings are now at their lowest level in decades. And it was that promise which in part drove Trump's astonishingly high level of support in the state, taking around 55% of Hispanic votes in Texas alone - a record for a Republican presidential candidate.
Javier Villalobos is the Republican Mayor of McAllen, one of the biggest cities in the Rio Grande Valley. He expects Republicans will find it tough this time around, but credits the Trump administration with stemming the border problem.
"I remember I put out a video… thanking the administration for immediately securing the border. That was great," he said. "And I think generally most people are okay with the deportation of criminals, violent people, or people that really are not productive at all."
But if you start deporting people that are productive and law-abiding, that is where the problem is, he added.
Guerrero is a reminder that, for many who live and work close to the US-Mexico border, security and immigration enforcement are two distinct issues.
A voter here may be supportive of securing the border and stopping illegal crossings, but oppose the actions of ICE and how the administration is enforcing its crackdown on undocumented migration.
Guerrero voted for Trump three times in a row - but is planning to vote Democrat in November, in part due to his unease with that crackdown.
"There's a man that I know that… last year, had 35 workers that were working for him every day," he said. "Right now, he just told me two days ago that he would be lucky if he would get four to six guys to show up to work."
Even though Guerrero plans to vote Democrat, he describes himself as neither Democrat nor Republican. And that, according to Mike Madrid, a leading Republican consultant and expert on Hispanic voters, is key to understanding the largest ethnic demographic voting group in the country.
"Latinos are more likely than any other racial or ethnic group to identify as independents rather than Republicans or Democrats," he said.
It was in part the belief that Hispanic voters were shifting permanently towards the Republican Party that led Trump to press states such as Texas to redraw their congressional maps early, before the once-a-decade census.
The strategy was intended to capitalise on what Republicans saw as a realignment in Hispanic voting behaviour, particularly in border districts that had been Democratic strongholds for more than a century.
Texas's 15th congressional district was among those that were redrawn, and has become one of the clearest tests of whether electoral maps can guarantee political outcomes.
The seat was redrawn after the 2020 census and was won by a Republican in 2022. It was redrawn again in 2025, creating a notional 18-point majority for Republicans in these midterms. Even so, current polling suggests a Democratic lead of five or six points.
Bobby Pulido is the Democratic candidate hoping to win the district. As a popular Tejano singer and winner of two Latin Grammys, he is already a household name in the Rio Grande Valley.
At an event just weeks before the vote, he delivered a stock political speech followed by a musical performance. "A lot of people are disillusioned with both parties," he told the BBC shortly before he took the stage. "And I hear them."
To win in this part of Texas, you need to be a conservative. Pulido has distanced himself from the national Democratic Party brand and focused deliberately and consistently on economic issues.
"This isn't New York, this isn't LA," he said. "When you lead with issues like social justice, climate change and other topics, that's not what people want to hear first. They want to hear about the economy."
That message is consistent with what many current polls are suggesting - the economy, and the cost of living specifically, rank top on the list of most voters' priorities.
At a local avocado festival, a fruit that is a staple among Hispanic communities in the valley, a couple, Dave Baldwin and Veronica Salazar, began discussing rising prices as soon as they were asked about the upcoming elections.
When asked who they blame for spiking costs, the answer was swift. "The president," they said.
"He is in control of our destiny with all that, and right now he's not doing a very good job," added Baldwin.
Among many Republican campaigners here, there is a feeling that they are are on the back foot just weeks before the vote.
Alexis Uscanga, a student volunteer tasked with knocking on doors and checking on likely Republican voters in the district, was realistic about what he is trying to achieve.
"The midterms are just purely a game of turnout," he said. "It's not trying so much to convince individuals to vote one way or the other, it's about trying to get our people mostly to show up."
Tano Tijerina, the Republican candidate in the neighbouring, Democratic-held 28th district, credited Trump with "breaking through barriers" but acknowledged the "national political headwinds are real".
The Hispanic shift towards President Trump in 2024 was one of the most striking political facts of the past decade. While this expanding demographic may not have much love for either party, in a two-party system voters are mostly forced to make a choice.
And if polling is correct - and there is no guarantee of that - even a modest swing back to Democrats in November could reshape races not just across this state but far beyond.
In Texas, it could even be enough to put a US Senate seat in play - and Democrats haven't won one of those in the state in more than 30 years.