NASA · জলবায়ু

Extratropical Cyclone Whips Past Iceland

২১/১০/২০২৬

Earth Observatory

Storm clouds in an expanding spiral are centered near southern Iceland. The system extends across the North Atlantic from Greenland to the UK.

Hurricane Isaias—the only Atlantic hurricane to date in 2026—made landfall in Florida as a Category 2 storm on October 9. After delivering a rainy, windy blow to the U.S. Gulf Coast and drenching much of the Eastern Seaboard, the weather system had more in store.

Riding the jet stream east over the North Atlantic, Isaias’s remnants developed into a powerful storm known as an extratropical cyclone. These low-pressure systems often feature asymmetrical, comma-shaped cloud patterns and can strike with hurricane-force winds, rain, and blizzard-like conditions.

The VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite) on the NOAA-21 satellite captured this image of the extratropical cyclone brushing past Iceland on the afternoon of October 14. During its journey, the system’s air pressure plummeted by more than 50 hectopascals over a 24-hour period, according to reports—approximately double the criteria for explosive cyclogenesis, or bombogenesis. Some meteorologists believe the storm may have set a new October low for barometric pressure in Iceland, after correcting for altitude, likely breaking a record that has stood since 1963.

The cyclone lashed Iceland with high winds as it grazed the coast. A gust of 205 kilometers (128 miles) per hour was recorded near Eyjafjallajökull volcano in the country’s south, while a small island just offshore saw sustained winds of 150 kilometers (93 miles) per hour. Damaging winds extended into northern parts of the country, where residents also braced for sleet and snow. Farther across the Atlantic, northwestern Scotland received gusts up to 90 kilometers (55 miles) per hour on October 14, according to news reports, resulting in cancellations on several ferry routes.

NASA Earth Observatory image by Michala Garrison, using VIIRS data from NASA EOSDIS LANCE, GIBS/Worldview, and the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS). Story by Lindsey Doermann.

Downloads

October 14, 2026

JPEG (3.38 MB)

References & Resources

BBC (2026, October 14) Gales and heavy rain to impact UK as yellow wind warning issued. Accessed October 20, 2026.
CIMSS Satellite Blog (2026, October 14) Rapidly-intensifying hurricane force midlatitude cyclone passes over Iceland. Accessed October 20, 2026.
NASA Earth Observatory (2016, September 9) The Evolution of Hurricane Hermine. Accessed October 20, 2026.
NASA Earth Observatory (2013, March 7) Storms Come in Many Forms. Accessed October 20, 2026.
NOAA National Ocean Service (2026, September 23) What is bombogenesis? Accessed October 20, 2026.
RÚV (2026, October 14) Storm moves north. Accessed October 20, 2026.
Weather & Radar (2026, October 14) Former hurricane to record storm. Accessed October 20, 2026.