In 2025, Japan ranked first by ratio of national debt to gross domestic product (GDP) among the 7 countries presented in the ranking. Japan's ratio amounted to percent, while Italy and the United States, the second and third countries, had records amounting to percent and percent, respectively.
The general government gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. Here it is depicted in relation to the country's GDP, which refers to the total value of goods and services produced during a year.