BRAZIL - October 25
* Presidential run-off, alongside governor elections
* Compulsory voting for 158 million Brazilians, but many abstain
* Leftist President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva faces Trumpist right-wing rival Flavio Bolsonaro, the son of former president Jair Bolsonaro who was jailed for sedition after his last election loss
"Historically, the first-round leader wins, which makes Flavio the favourite on paper but ... the news cycle has been turning increasingly negative for him. This race is genuinely too close to call" - journalist Gustavo Ribeiro
ISRAEL - October 27
* Parliamentary election for the 120-seat Knesset
* Five million votes expected, and only people physically in Israel can cast ballots
* Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's coalition, its October 7 response and the war in Palestine, faces a huge backlash but right-wingers are expected to hold a majority
"Most voters feel the entire future of the country, its existence and in what form, is at stake" - analyst Dahlia Scheindlin
UNITED STATES - November 3
* Midterm elections, with all 435 House seats, 35 Senate seats and 36 governorships up
* Roughly 250 million Americans eligible, with half that expected to vote
* President Donald Trump isn't on the ballot but his Republican party is set to shed crucial seats owing to cost-of-living and corruption concerns
"Aggregate polling models heavily favour Democrats to retake the House of Representatives (and) ... are also now viewed as narrow favourites to retake the Senate" - journalist Eric McDaniel
NEW ZEALAND - November 7
* Parliamentary election for 120-seat house
* Four million enrolled and three million expected to vote
* Prime Minister Chris Luxon's coalition in a tight contest against the Labour-led left bloc for a second term
"For a National government to be thrown out after one term is unprecedented (but) whichever party loses will be in for a spell of possibly painful soul searching" - journalist Richard Harman
VICTORIA - November 28
* State election with 88 house and 40 legislative council seats up
* More than four million votes expected given compulsory voting
* Premier Ben Carroll unlikely to win Labor a fourth term, facing twin rivals of the coalition and One Nation
" The opposition has to secure a massive 16 seats for majority government and One Nation is the wild card ... the possibility of a coalition minority government relying on it" - journalist Michelle Grattan
SPAIN - November 29
* Snap general election for 350 lower house and 208 senate seats
* Over 25 million expected to vote in an election almost a year early
* Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez is seeking a fourth term against a right-wing bloc out of power since 2018
"The government's handling of the Ceuta migration crisis and housing decrees rejected by parliament could prove to be the Achilles heel of Sanchez's government" - journalist Barry Tabrizi