Congestion pricing reduces traffic and pollution

Researchers found that fine particulate pollution within the congestion zone was approximately 13 percent lower during the programme’s first year. Introduced in January 2025, the policy charges vehicles entering lower Manhattan, aiming to reduce traffic and support public transport.

Researchers analysed air pollution measurements from 15 monitoring sites, traffic data and satellite observations. Vehicle numbers entering the congestion zone fell by approximately 11 percent, alongside reductions in pollution during rush hours.

The study also examined surrounding neighbourhoods, finding no statistically significant evidence of increased particulate pollution attributable to the programme. Further monitoring will assess the longer-term effects.