The Makkah Alliance has been called defensive. Now it has to prove it.

By Mansoor Qaisar, Islamabad  When Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Turkiye signed the Makkah Alliance for Defence in August, most of us read it as a statement of intent. It took barely two months for that to change. On October 5, ministers and commanders met in Riyadh and agreed to activate collective deterrence measures and send forces and capabilities to the Kingdom at speed. The same meeting appointed retired Lt Gen Nauman Mahmood, a Pakistani, as the alliance’s first secretary-general for three years. Then came Thursday. Two Houthi attacks hit Riyadh’s King Khalid International Airport, one on the facilities and one on a Saudia aircraft. Three Saudi citizens died, among them a pilot, and people of several nationalities were wounded. Hundreds […]