RWE sent option notices by FedEx in November 2025, while the Smallegan family maintained they never received the documents.
A legal battle over farmland in western Michigan has ended with a ruling that could keep a major solar development moving. For the Smallegan family, however, the decision means hundreds of acres tied to their agricultural land will remain under agreements with renewable energy developer RWE, bringing a long-running dispute over the future of the property into sharper focus, states an online report by Fox17.
Judge upholds solar agreements
According to the report, Ottawa County Circuit Judge Jon Hulsing has ruled in favour of RWE Solar Development, finding that the company properly exercised lease options covering about 562.8 acres owned by members of the Smallegan family.The land forms a significant part of the proposed Silver Maple Solar project, a roughly 1,900-acre development planned across Zeeland and Jamestown townships. The family’s property accounts for almost 30% of the proposed project footprint, making the agreements central to the development's viability, states the online report.
The dispute stemmed from contracts signed in November 2020. Under the agreements, RWE had five years to study the properties and exercise options to lease the land for solar development, the report adds.
The dispute over a five-year window
The family argued that the agreements were understood to provide a limited period for studying the land rather than establishing a longer-term commitment to solar development. The court rejected that interpretation, finding that the contracts clearly allowed RWE to exercise the options during the five-year period.
The judge also dismissed claims that the agreements were obtained under duress, were unfair or were otherwise invalid.Much of the trial focused on whether RWE had properly exercised its options before the November 19, 2025 deadline, clears the Fox17 report.
A question of delivery
RWE said the required notices were prepared at its Austin, Texas, office and sent by FedEx on November 13, 2025. Members of the Smallegan family maintained that they never received them.The court found that the agreements considered delivery complete three days after the notices were deposited with an overnight courier. That placed the effective delivery date on November 16, three days before the deadline.The ruling also pointed to subsequent activity involving the property, including more than $282,000 in post-option payments accepted by Patricia Smallegan and communications concerning ownership transfers, as evidence supporting RWE's position that the notices had reached the family.
What the ruling means for the land
With the options deemed valid, RWE now holds exclusive possessory rights to the disputed acreage under the agreements. The ruling prevents the family from interfering with the company's rights and requires them to withdraw permissions for activities such as farming and hunting on the affected land.The decision also allows RWE to remove crops and take other steps consistent with its contractual rights. In a particularly consequential part of the order, the family is restricted from participating in administrative, legislative or judicial proceedings opposing the project while the agreements remain in force, based on cooperation provisions contained in the contracts.
Solar project still faces hurdles
The ruling does not mean construction can begin immediately. Silver Maple Solar still requires approval from the Michigan Public Service Commission, leaving another regulatory stage ahead. The Smallegan family is also considering an appeal, meaning the legal dispute may not yet be over, adds the report by Fox17.If the project ultimately receives the necessary approvals, the court decision removes a major obstacle by preserving access to nearly 30% of the planned site. For now, the case highlights the growing tension surrounding the conversion of agricultural land for renewable energy projects, where long-term energy ambitions increasingly intersect with questions about land ownership, farming and the future use of rural communities.Images Courtesy: istock